煙臺CNC加工是利用自動(dong)控(kong)制系統安裝數(shu)字程序流程命令，控(kong)制數(shu)控(kong)機床軸承的自動(dong)啟停、換向(xiang)和(he)變(bian)速。可以挑選數(shu)控(kong)刀片，改(gai)變(bian)數(shu)控(kong)刀片的鉆削量和(he)走動(dong)運動(dong)軌(gui)跡(ji)，進(jin)行終生加工需要(yao)的各種各樣輔(fu)助(zhu)姿勢。

煙臺CNC加工可以降低工作量，生產制造出加工方法復雜的零件，只需要改變工藝流程。煙臺CNC加工相對平(ping)穩，不會造成加工(gong)誤差。影響CNC加工(gong)的(de)精度的(de)原因有哪些？

一、CNC加(jia)工機床定位引起的(de)加(jia)工精度(du)誤(wu)差

從零件加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)的(de)長期數據分析和(he)實際操作中可以看出(chu)CNC加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)定位(wei)引起(qi)的(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)精度誤差。機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)的(de)定位(wei)對(dui)數控機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)的(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)精度有很大影響(xiang)。從構(gou)造(zao)上看，數控機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)的(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)誤差主要(yao)是由精度等級(ji)引起(qi)的(de)，機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)進給(gei)系統是影響(xiang)精度等級(ji)的(de)關鍵階段。

數(shu)控機床的(de)進給(gei)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)一(yi)(yi)般由機械傳動系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)和電氣(qi)控制系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)構(gou)成。在總體(ti)設(she)計中，精(jing)度(du)等級(ji)與機械傳動系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)相關。在閉環(huan)控制系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)中，數(shu)控機床一(yi)(yi)般可以根據定位(wei)(wei)檢(jian)驗設(she)備(bei)來(lai)避免進給(gei)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)中關鍵構(gou)件(jian)(如(ru)滾(gun)珠絲(si)桿和別的(de)構(gou)件(jian))的(de)位(wei)(wei)置誤(wu)差。對于開環(huan)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)，因(yin)為(wei)影響(xiang)因(yin)素多、條件(jian)復(fu)雜，沒法開展定位(wei)(wei)檢(jian)測(ce)，因(yin)而(er)數(shu)控機床的(de)加工(gong)精(jing)度(du)遭(zao)受很(hen)大影響(xiang)。

 二、CNC加(jia)工位置誤差對加(jia)工精度的影響

位(wei)(wei)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)誤(wu)(wu)(wu)差(cha)是指(zhi)被加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)零件的具(ju)體表層(ceng)、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心線或(huo)對稱性(xing)臉相(xiang)對于其(qi)理想化(hua)位(wei)(wei)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的互相(xiang)位(wei)(wei)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的轉(zhuan)變或(huo)偏移(yi)水平，如平整度(du)、對稱度(du)、對稱度(du)等(deng)。數控(kong)機床(chuang)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的位(wei)(wei)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)誤(wu)(wu)(wu)差(cha)一般指(zhi)過流保護誤(wu)(wu)(wu)差(cha)。造(zao)(zao)成(cheng)位(wei)(wei)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)誤(wu)(wu)(wu)差(cha)的關鍵(jian)緣(yuan)故是機床(chuang)零件加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)全(quan)過程中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)傳動系(xi)統(tong)造(zao)(zao)成(cheng)的空隙和彈性(xing)變形引起(qi)的加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)誤(wu)(wu)(wu)差(cha)，及其(qi)生產過程中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)專用工(gong)(gong)(gong)具(ju)頭需要(yao)(yao)擺脫的滑動摩(mo)擦力等(deng)要(yao)(yao)素引起(qi)的位(wei)(wei)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)誤(wu)(wu)(wu)差(cha)。在開環(huan)(huan)系(xi)統(tong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，位(wei)(wei)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)精密度(du)遭受很(hen)大影響，而在閉(bi)環(huan)(huan)控(kong)制轉(zhuan)向(xiang)頭燈系(xi)統(tong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，位(wei)(wei)置(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)精密度(du)關鍵(jian)在于偏移(yi)檢驗。

三(san)、CNC加工(gong)(gong)的(de)幾何圖形(xing)誤(wu)(wu)差引起的(de)加工(gong)(gong)精度誤(wu)(wu)差

在數(shu)(shu)控機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)中(zhong)，因為(wei)外(wai)力作(zuo)用、加(jia)工(gong)(gong)中(zhong)造成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)熱量(liang)等(deng)外(wai)界要素(su)(su)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)(ying)響，機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)幾(ji)(ji)何(he)圖(tu)(tu)(tu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)精密度(du)遭受(shou)影(ying)(ying)響，在機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)上加(jia)工(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)零(ling)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)幾(ji)(ji)何(he)圖(tu)(tu)(tu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)變(bian)(bian)(bian)會(hui)造成(cheng)幾(ji)(ji)何(he)圖(tu)(tu)(tu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)誤(wu)差。據科(ke)學研究(jiu)，數(shu)(shu)控機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)幾(ji)(ji)何(he)圖(tu)(tu)(tu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)誤(wu)差關鍵(jian)有(you)兩個(ge)緣故(gu)：內部要素(su)(su)和(he)(he)外(wai)界要素(su)(su)。引起機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)幾(ji)(ji)何(he)圖(tu)(tu)(tu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)誤(wu)差的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)內部要素(su)(su)是指由機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)本身要素(su)(su)引起的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)幾(ji)(ji)何(he)圖(tu)(tu)(tu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)誤(wu)差，如(ru)機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)臺的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)平整(zheng)度(du)、機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)導軌的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)平整(zheng)度(du)和(he)(he)平行度(du)、機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)專用工(gong)(gong)具和(he)(he)工(gong)(gong)裝夾具的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)幾(ji)(ji)何(he)圖(tu)(tu)(tu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)精密度(du)等(deng)。外(wai)界要素(su)(su)關鍵(jian)指生(sheng)產過程(cheng)中(zhong)受(shou)環(huan)境因素(su)(su)和(he)(he)熱形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)變(bian)(bian)(bian)影(ying)(ying)響而造成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)幾(ji)(ji)何(he)圖(tu)(tu)(tu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)誤(wu)差。比如(ru)，鉆削全過程(cheng)中(zhong)數(shu)(shu)控刀片或零(ling)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)熱變(bian)(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)變(bian)(bian)(bian)造成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)幾(ji)(ji)何(he)圖(tu)(tu)(tu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)誤(wu)差會(hui)影(ying)(ying)響機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)和(he)(he)零(ling)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)精度(du)。