無錫CNC加工是利(li)用(yong)自(zi)(zi)動控(kong)制系(xi)統安(an)裝數(shu)字程(cheng)序流程(cheng)命令，控(kong)制數(shu)控(kong)機床軸(zhou)承的(de)自(zi)(zi)動啟停、換向(xiang)和變(bian)速。可以挑選數(shu)控(kong)刀片，改變(bian)數(shu)控(kong)刀片的(de)鉆(zhan)削量和走動運動軌(gui)跡，進行終生加工需要(yao)的(de)各(ge)種各(ge)樣輔助姿(zi)勢。

無錫CNC加工可以降低工作量，生產制造出加工方法復雜的零件，只需要改變工藝流程。無錫CNC加工相(xiang)對平(ping)穩，不會(hui)造成(cheng)加(jia)工(gong)誤差。影響CNC加(jia)工(gong)的(de)精度的(de)原因(yin)有哪(na)些(xie)？

一(yi)、CNC加工機床定(ding)位引起(qi)的加工精度誤差(cha)

從零件加(jia)工(gong)的(de)長期數據分析和實際操作中可(ke)以看出CNC加(jia)工(gong)機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)(chuang)定(ding)位引起的(de)加(jia)工(gong)精度誤差(cha)。機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)(chuang)的(de)定(ding)位對(dui)數控(kong)機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)(chuang)的(de)加(jia)工(gong)精度有很大(da)影(ying)響。從構造上看，數控(kong)機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)(chuang)的(de)加(jia)工(gong)誤差(cha)主要是(shi)由精度等級引起的(de)，機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)(chuang)進給系統是(shi)影(ying)響精度等級的(de)關鍵階段。

數控(kong)(kong)機(ji)(ji)床的(de)(de)進(jin)給系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)一(yi)般(ban)由機(ji)(ji)械傳動系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)和電氣控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)構成。在總(zong)體設計中，精(jing)度(du)等級(ji)與機(ji)(ji)械傳動系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)相關(guan)。在閉環控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)中，數控(kong)(kong)機(ji)(ji)床一(yi)般(ban)可(ke)以根據定(ding)位檢(jian)驗設備來避免(mian)進(jin)給系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)中關(guan)鍵(jian)構件(jian)(如(ru)滾珠(zhu)絲桿和別(bie)的(de)(de)構件(jian))的(de)(de)位置誤(wu)差。對于開環系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)，因(yin)為影響因(yin)素多、條件(jian)復雜，沒(mei)法開展定(ding)位檢(jian)測，因(yin)而數控(kong)(kong)機(ji)(ji)床的(de)(de)加工(gong)精(jing)度(du)遭(zao)受很大影響。

 二、CNC加工(gong)位置誤(wu)差對(dui)加工(gong)精(jing)度(du)的(de)影響

位(wei)(wei)置(zhi)(zhi)誤差(cha)是(shi)指被加(jia)工(gong)零件(jian)的(de)(de)具體表層、中心線(xian)或對稱(cheng)性(xing)臉相對于(yu)其理想化位(wei)(wei)置(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)互相位(wei)(wei)置(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)轉(zhuan)變或偏(pian)(pian)移水平，如平整度、對稱(cheng)度、對稱(cheng)度等。數控(kong)機(ji)床(chuang)加(jia)工(gong)中的(de)(de)位(wei)(wei)置(zhi)(zhi)誤差(cha)一般指過流保護誤差(cha)。造成位(wei)(wei)置(zhi)(zhi)誤差(cha)的(de)(de)關鍵緣(yuan)故是(shi)機(ji)床(chuang)零件(jian)加(jia)工(gong)全(quan)過程中傳動系統造成的(de)(de)空(kong)隙和(he)彈性(xing)變形引起(qi)的(de)(de)加(jia)工(gong)誤差(cha)，及(ji)其生產(chan)過程中專(zhuan)用工(gong)具頭(tou)需要擺脫的(de)(de)滑動摩(mo)擦力等要素引起(qi)的(de)(de)位(wei)(wei)置(zhi)(zhi)誤差(cha)。在(zai)(zai)開環系統中，位(wei)(wei)置(zhi)(zhi)精(jing)密(mi)度遭受(shou)很大影(ying)響，而(er)在(zai)(zai)閉環控(kong)制轉(zhuan)向頭(tou)燈系統中，位(wei)(wei)置(zhi)(zhi)精(jing)密(mi)度關鍵在(zai)(zai)于(yu)偏(pian)(pian)移檢驗。

三、CNC加(jia)工的幾何圖形誤差引起的加(jia)工精度(du)誤差

在(zai)(zai)數(shu)(shu)控機床(chuang)的(de)(de)(de)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)中(zhong)(zhong)，因(yin)(yin)為外(wai)力作(zuo)用、加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)中(zhong)(zhong)造成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)發熱(re)量等(deng)外(wai)界要(yao)素的(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)，機床(chuang)的(de)(de)(de)幾(ji)何(he)(he)圖(tu)(tu)形(xing)(xing)精(jing)密度(du)(du)遭受(shou)影(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)，在(zai)(zai)機床(chuang)上加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)零(ling)件的(de)(de)(de)幾(ji)何(he)(he)圖(tu)(tu)形(xing)(xing)形(xing)(xing)變(bian)(bian)會造成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)幾(ji)何(he)(he)圖(tu)(tu)形(xing)(xing)誤差(cha)。據科學研(yan)究，數(shu)(shu)控機床(chuang)幾(ji)何(he)(he)圖(tu)(tu)形(xing)(xing)誤差(cha)關鍵有兩個緣故：內部要(yao)素和外(wai)界要(yao)素。引起(qi)機床(chuang)幾(ji)何(he)(he)圖(tu)(tu)形(xing)(xing)誤差(cha)的(de)(de)(de)內部要(yao)素是指(zhi)由機床(chuang)本身要(yao)素引起(qi)的(de)(de)(de)幾(ji)何(he)(he)圖(tu)(tu)形(xing)(xing)誤差(cha)，如(ru)機床(chuang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)臺的(de)(de)(de)平(ping)整(zheng)度(du)(du)、機床(chuang)導軌的(de)(de)(de)平(ping)整(zheng)度(du)(du)和平(ping)行(xing)度(du)(du)、機床(chuang)專用工(gong)(gong)(gong)具和工(gong)(gong)(gong)裝夾(jia)具的(de)(de)(de)幾(ji)何(he)(he)圖(tu)(tu)形(xing)(xing)精(jing)密度(du)(du)等(deng)。外(wai)界要(yao)素關鍵指(zhi)生產過(guo)程中(zhong)(zhong)受(shou)環(huan)境因(yin)(yin)素和熱(re)形(xing)(xing)變(bian)(bian)影(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)而造成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)幾(ji)何(he)(he)圖(tu)(tu)形(xing)(xing)誤差(cha)。比如(ru)，鉆削(xue)全過(guo)程中(zhong)(zhong)數(shu)(shu)控刀(dao)片(pian)或零(ling)件的(de)(de)(de)熱(re)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)和形(xing)(xing)變(bian)(bian)造成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)幾(ji)何(he)(he)圖(tu)(tu)形(xing)(xing)誤差(cha)會影(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)機床(chuang)和零(ling)件的(de)(de)(de)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)精(jing)度(du)(du)。