蚌埠CNC加工是(shi)利用自動(dong)(dong)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)系統(tong)安(an)裝(zhuang)數字(zi)程(cheng)序流(liu)程(cheng)命(ming)令，控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)數控(kong)(kong)機床軸承的(de)自動(dong)(dong)啟(qi)停、換向和(he)變速(su)。可以挑選數控(kong)(kong)刀(dao)片(pian)，改變數控(kong)(kong)刀(dao)片(pian)的(de)鉆削量和(he)走動(dong)(dong)運動(dong)(dong)軌跡，進行(xing)終生(sheng)加工需要的(de)各種各樣輔(fu)助(zhu)姿勢(shi)。

蚌埠CNC加工可以降低工作量，生產制造出加工方法復雜的零件，只需要改變工藝流程。蚌埠CNC加工相對平穩，不會造成加工誤差(cha)。影(ying)響CNC加工的精度的原因有(you)哪些？

一、CNC加(jia)工(gong)機床定位引起(qi)的(de)加(jia)工(gong)精度(du)誤差

從(cong)零件加(jia)(jia)工(gong)的(de)(de)長期數據分(fen)析和實際(ji)操(cao)作(zuo)中可以看出CNC加(jia)(jia)工(gong)機床(chuang)定(ding)位引起的(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)精(jing)度誤(wu)差。機床(chuang)的(de)(de)定(ding)位對數控機床(chuang)的(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)精(jing)度有很(hen)大(da)影(ying)響。從(cong)構造上看，數控機床(chuang)的(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)誤(wu)差主要是(shi)由精(jing)度等(deng)級引起的(de)(de)，機床(chuang)進給系統是(shi)影(ying)響精(jing)度等(deng)級的(de)(de)關鍵(jian)階段。

數控(kong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)床(chuang)的(de)進給系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)一(yi)般由(you)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)傳動(dong)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)和電(dian)氣控(kong)制系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)構成。在總體設計中，精度(du)等級與(yu)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)傳動(dong)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)相關。在閉環控(kong)制系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)中，數控(kong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)床(chuang)一(yi)般可以根據定位(wei)檢(jian)驗設備(bei)來避免(mian)進給系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)中關鍵構件(jian)(jian)(如(ru)滾珠(zhu)絲桿和別的(de)構件(jian)(jian))的(de)位(wei)置誤差。對于(yu)開環系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)，因(yin)為影響因(yin)素多、條件(jian)(jian)復雜，沒法開展(zhan)定位(wei)檢(jian)測，因(yin)而數控(kong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)床(chuang)的(de)加工精度(du)遭受很大影響。

 二、CNC加工(gong)位置誤差對(dui)加工(gong)精(jing)度(du)的影響

位(wei)(wei)置(zhi)誤(wu)(wu)(wu)差(cha)(cha)(cha)是指(zhi)被(bei)加工(gong)零(ling)件的(de)(de)具體表(biao)層、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)心線或對(dui)(dui)稱性(xing)臉相對(dui)(dui)于其理想化(hua)位(wei)(wei)置(zhi)的(de)(de)互相位(wei)(wei)置(zhi)的(de)(de)轉(zhuan)變或偏移(yi)水平(ping)，如平(ping)整(zheng)度(du)、對(dui)(dui)稱度(du)、對(dui)(dui)稱度(du)等。數控機床加工(gong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)位(wei)(wei)置(zhi)誤(wu)(wu)(wu)差(cha)(cha)(cha)一般指(zhi)過(guo)流保(bao)護誤(wu)(wu)(wu)差(cha)(cha)(cha)。造成位(wei)(wei)置(zhi)誤(wu)(wu)(wu)差(cha)(cha)(cha)的(de)(de)關鍵緣故是機床零(ling)件加工(gong)全過(guo)程中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)傳動系(xi)(xi)統造成的(de)(de)空隙(xi)和彈(dan)性(xing)變形引起(qi)的(de)(de)加工(gong)誤(wu)(wu)(wu)差(cha)(cha)(cha)，及其生產過(guo)程中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)專用工(gong)具頭(tou)(tou)需(xu)要擺脫的(de)(de)滑(hua)動摩擦力等要素(su)引起(qi)的(de)(de)位(wei)(wei)置(zhi)誤(wu)(wu)(wu)差(cha)(cha)(cha)。在(zai)開環(huan)系(xi)(xi)統中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，位(wei)(wei)置(zhi)精密(mi)度(du)遭(zao)受很大影響，而在(zai)閉環(huan)控制轉(zhuan)向頭(tou)(tou)燈系(xi)(xi)統中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，位(wei)(wei)置(zhi)精密(mi)度(du)關鍵在(zai)于偏移(yi)檢驗(yan)。

三(san)、CNC加工(gong)的幾何圖形誤差引起的加工(gong)精度誤差

在數控(kong)機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)(chuang)的(de)(de)加工(gong)(gong)中(zhong)，因為外(wai)(wai)力作用、加工(gong)(gong)中(zhong)造(zao)成的(de)(de)發熱(re)(re)量等(deng)外(wai)(wai)界(jie)要(yao)素(su)的(de)(de)影(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)，機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)(chuang)的(de)(de)幾(ji)(ji)(ji)何(he)圖(tu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)精(jing)密度(du)遭受影(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)，在機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)(chuang)上(shang)加工(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)零(ling)件的(de)(de)幾(ji)(ji)(ji)何(he)圖(tu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)形(xing)(xing)(xing)變(bian)會造(zao)成幾(ji)(ji)(ji)何(he)圖(tu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)誤(wu)(wu)差(cha)。據科學研究，數控(kong)機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)(chuang)幾(ji)(ji)(ji)何(he)圖(tu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)誤(wu)(wu)差(cha)關(guan)鍵(jian)有兩個(ge)緣故：內部(bu)要(yao)素(su)和(he)(he)外(wai)(wai)界(jie)要(yao)素(su)。引起(qi)機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)(chuang)幾(ji)(ji)(ji)何(he)圖(tu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)誤(wu)(wu)差(cha)的(de)(de)內部(bu)要(yao)素(su)是指(zhi)由機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)(chuang)本(ben)身要(yao)素(su)引起(qi)的(de)(de)幾(ji)(ji)(ji)何(he)圖(tu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)誤(wu)(wu)差(cha)，如機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)(chuang)工(gong)(gong)作臺的(de)(de)平(ping)整度(du)、機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)(chuang)導軌(gui)的(de)(de)平(ping)整度(du)和(he)(he)平(ping)行度(du)、機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)(chuang)專(zhuan)用工(gong)(gong)具(ju)和(he)(he)工(gong)(gong)裝(zhuang)夾具(ju)的(de)(de)幾(ji)(ji)(ji)何(he)圖(tu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)精(jing)密度(du)等(deng)。外(wai)(wai)界(jie)要(yao)素(su)關(guan)鍵(jian)指(zhi)生(sheng)產過程中(zhong)受環(huan)境(jing)因素(su)和(he)(he)熱(re)(re)形(xing)(xing)(xing)變(bian)影(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)而造(zao)成的(de)(de)幾(ji)(ji)(ji)何(he)圖(tu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)誤(wu)(wu)差(cha)。比(bi)如，鉆削全過程中(zhong)數控(kong)刀(dao)片或零(ling)件的(de)(de)熱(re)(re)變(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)(he)形(xing)(xing)(xing)變(bian)造(zao)成的(de)(de)幾(ji)(ji)(ji)何(he)圖(tu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)誤(wu)(wu)差(cha)會影(ying)響(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)(chuang)和(he)(he)零(ling)件的(de)(de)加工(gong)(gong)精(jing)度(du)。